There are two type of emergency driving: First it is related to traffic when two cars are about to crash to each other, and second it is related to having a puncture or exploded wheel, break, or other part of the vehicle. 3-1- Emergency related to traffic   While driving when emergency present, it is crucial that the driver keep his mind sharp and fearless for he/she has little time to response to avoid danger. A-    Stopping and safety How to pull a quick stop brake safely? Driver need to push the brake firmly to avoid slippery (Wheels boosting) and minimize the movement of the steering wheel. In the event that driver need to avoid obstacle or the wheel is stuck, he/she has to pull off the brake a moment and pull again as soon as possible. Never push the brake firmly immediately for it cause a stuck. In that event driver cannot control the car. Note: Continue from Night drive from page 50 to 54      - Driver has to slow down at night for the front light can normally only give clear vision for the limited 150 meter to avoid incident.      - Driver is required to lower the headlight (use low beam light) when there is another vehicle facing in around 500 meters and have to keep a 300 meters distant from car ahead of his/her. Driver can use far light when driving in the country where no other vehicle nearby. Even if it is a long trip, the driver has to driver slower than in the daytime.      - Always use low beam light when driver heading close to another vehicle, so that the other driver eyes won’t expose to too bright light. Even if it’s heavy rain or foggy, driver should use low beam light when there are road lights.           - Always keep these tips to avoid accident when you drive at night or in a rain:      - You and other driver can’t see clearly at night. Always aware about your distance to other car to stop safely and never turn the headlight too much.      -  Spend some time to adjust your eyes to the visibility condition once you leave a bright place or driving at night.  Always slow down once you reach a dark place.      - Keep your eyes glancing as much possible to avoid accident and stillness; otherwise you may end up causing accident.      - Always pay attention for passenger on foot who crossing the road and let them pass first as their priority.      - Always keep a safe distance from car a head of your, and keep an eye for its sign.      - If you facing an opposite direction car which having too bright light, lower your headlight and turn your eyes to the right side of the road.      - If you are tired or feel sleepy, change the driver immediately or make a quick stop until you have enough rest.      - Bad weather and darkness is a dangerous combination that easily leads to accident. Unable to see the color of the rain may lower your visibility in both in range and clarity (in this event always slow down).      - Never wear sunglasses while driving at night.             - Leave the light at speedometer as low as possible and turn off the roof light.       - Use the low beam light for headlight and not the parking light.      - Make sure your windshield and headlights are always cleaned.      - Use sufficient time in an attempt to pass another car. Estimating the distance and speed of another car base on its headlight is way too difficult. 2.7 Driving in Town or Narrow Road The first thing driver need to remember about driving in town is never “terrify”. Always patience for slow moving traffic and your car speed rhyme with the traffic. Always cautious of all side of the road and keep an eye on passenger on foots to. Always ready to give priority to them to move first. Town driving make your car consume higher gas (be cautious you never know when you get stranded). 2.8 Countryside Driving    When driving in the countryside or in a village, make sure you pay attention to several situations. Be careful with the road especially look for agricultural tool(s), train crossing intersection where there is no sign, and small bridge with some damages, most side-walk are soft with countless deep hole. Some intersection is block by trees, bushes, or plantation. Frequently, there are animals wandering around the road. Normally driver would go at 50Kh/1h with good brake on a dry road. Driver needs to be at least 55m away once he sees the animals or objects to step on the brake effectively.     2.9 Bad Weather Condition      - On a slippery road, driver needs to slow down his/her vehicle. If it is necessary to stop or make a turn on the road, step on the brake lightly sever time to reduce the vehicle speed.      - Avoid immediate change of speed or direction, it responsible for most of side slippery when the driver is unable to adjust the speed rhythm with the road or traffic condition in time. To maintain control when slippery occurred, turn your front wheels to the same direction of the slippery side with your steering wheel. Keep your foot off the clutch and the brake paddle a moment and reduce the speed slowly.       In an accident, there is no unique way to control the vehicle; it may be require different techniques depending on whether the vehicle moves on the front or rear wheels.   2.10 Too many passengers squeezes in the front seat      - Driver couldn’t possibly squeeze more than three persons in the front seats for it’ll hinder the view or disturb driving itself. Driver needs good visibility at all side.      -  Good place to keep vehicle control tools should be placed within reach of the driver, and in case need to one third of the driver hold out hand from the steering wheel and in between the driver both hands.      - Driver cannot lie on the door and stretch his elbow out while using only one hand to drive which will slow his reaction during an emergency. 2.11 Too many passengers in the back      - For Nisan or other brand of car which transport more people than the law would permit, the driver(s) is going to get himself retrained by the traffic officer for they carelessly take their passenger life for granted.      - Having too much goods or too many passengers on the back side of the vehicle, make it difficult for driver to neither see dangerous situation from the side view mirror nor rear view mirror because of the overloaded goods and passenger block all the possible view.      Car comes with anti-lock brake system slamming the brake will not let the wheels to push forward, there for the car equipped with this anti-lock system is way more efficient an safer than car without this brake system. B-    Pull around to avoid crash (Stopping to avoid crash)      Slamming the brake to haul the car to stop immediately is not always safe in an emergency. Some time driver does not in enough distant to make a full stop in time, thus pulling around a little to avoid the obstacle a head is recommended. Always remember that pulling around is most of the time much faster that slam the brake paddle to a stop. How can driver pull around without any danger? Make a habit of holding the steering wheel with both hands firmly to be ready for an emergency situation. To pull away quickly as well as safely driver need to apply below tips into practice:      - Never push the brake while making a turn for it wills only locks or slip the wheels and lose control over the car.      - Never pull the steering wheel more than necessary, pull out just as much so that the car can easily pass the obstacle. The harder to driver try to pull out, the chance he get his car slip to the other side or worst.     - Be ready to pull back in the lance once your car has passed the obstacle. If you did not prepare, you won’t be able to pull in fast enough. Which side should you turn your steering wheel to? If there is something as an obstacle in your lance, you must response due to the situations described below:     - Check the rear view mirror for a free lance and allow you to pull to that direction safely, go for it.     - If the side of the side walk is safe pull to the right to get close to the side. Nobody wants to drive on the side, but someone would scramble to be in front on your left hand side.       - If there is a car coming from the opposite direction in your lance, it would be best to pull to the right. In some necessary cases, your better leave your lance so that even if accident does occur, it would be much less serious than a direct hit. You have got to remember that a direct hit mean that two car is face to face crash into each other with full force which cause much greater damage than a partly crash.     - In the above pulling in and out cases, you should avoid slamming the brake at high speed because it make the car sway to side, so it better to slow your car down to around 40km/h to make an efficient brake.     - If possible one side of the wheel in the middle of the road to easily control your vehicle. * If you are driving in the sidewalk of the road, and you want to move to the middle of the road you have to:     - Reduce your speed to as slow as 10km/h and pull into the desired lace. Avoid pulling too much, better only half round of your steering wheel should do it for too much pulling lead to unexpected lance that you do not desired.     - Once both of your two front wheels are on the middle of the road release to steering wheel back to normal to drive in the desired lance. 3-2- Emergency situation related to vehicle          In case of emergency related to vehicle while you are driving, it is critical that you have to maintain control over the car; next thing to do is inform the other road user through emergency signal light, far light, or make some horning sound than move to a safe spot after checking with the rear view mirror. Vehicle emergency situation include: A.    The opened hood Driving without observing if the hood of your vehicle is properly locked, may lead to high up hood due to high speed wind power pushing it which completely blocks your view of the road. In this event you must     - Keep cool and hold your horse     - Slow down by keep pushing the brake smoothly and harder quite quick     - Make a stop on the right side walk and lock the hood properly.    B.    The windscreen suddenly broke Sometime the windscreen may be broken by: rock(s), hard objects which detached from other vehicle wheel, or small pebbles from truck that have no cover or improper locked. So it better not to drive to close too another vehicle when you are driving in peddle pavement road or too close to truck that carry peddle or small rock. In the event of having a broken windscreen you better:     - Keep cool and hold your horse.     - Turn on all the four emergency signal lights.     -  Slow down as well as move to the right.     - Stop by the side walk and remove all the broken pieces of the broken windscreen.     - Use a piece of cloth or plank to avoid using your handle in handling the wreckage.        - Drive your car slowly to find a garage and change a new windscreen. C.    The engine become too hot The engine heat rise may be caused by leaking from the water container or too loose or cut off belt of the fan. We would know the engine heat rise by looking at the heat thermometer dial point to the red zone. When facing engine heat rise you should:     - Turn on all the four emergency signal lights.     - Slow down the vehicle as well as move to the right and make stop safely.     - Wait until your car engine cold down and open the water container lid. In case there is too little water refilled it. Never open the container lid while the engine is still hot for the hot steam from the container may burn you.   D.    A burning Car The reason that lead to a car get burn is most likely due to old connection of the electric cord which in time heat the cord and melt its rubber wrapped. If there is smoke coming out of your car, you should:     - Park the car close to side walk as soon as possible     - Turn of the car and every instruments     -  Order every passenger to leave the car     - Use a fire extinguisher to put out the fire. If you do not have a fire extinguisher, use a piece of soaking wet cloth or bag or even sand to put out at the place where fire start to burn.    E.    A Stuck accelerator If your accelerator stuck, you should:     - Try using your toe to push the accelerator back ward up again.     -  If the accelerator won’t return to normal, find a safe spot and stop your car safely and turn off the car. F-    A broken brake If you step on the brake hard and it does not response, you should:     - Lower your gear (the engine will help slow the car down).     - Sometime, stepping on the brake paddle rapidly might create enough pressure to make the brake work one again; however, this technique will not work with Antilock System.     -  Pull the hand brake slowly if you begin to lose control of your car then let go of the brake and continue driving your car.     - Step on the clutch and use the second gear quickly then let’s go of the clutch immediately to.     -  Find a safe lance where you can slow down or park your car in a safe spot. Such place include: side walk, open space, or an open hill.             - Turn on all the four emergency signal lights and make use of the horn to inform other drivers or pedestrians around you so that they are cautious.       G-    Loose Wheel Whenever one of your car’s wheels becomes loose, it makes the car turning about from the other wheel direction. It will also very difficult to steer the wheels, so if there is a loose wheel(s) incident, you need to reduce your speed and park in a safe spot (side walk is preferable), than use the fix the hub firmly and continue your trip.     H-     A Burst Tire There are plenty of sign that indicated that your car is having a puncher. Those are:     -  Sound        : an exploding sound is the most identical sign.     - Vibrating    : If your car vibrates more than usual, it can be a sign telling one of your cars tire is burst.     -  Feeling        : When steering your wheel become burden, it might be a sign telling one of the tire is broken open.     - If one of the front tires is broken open or exploded, it is likely to cause a sudden auto pull over to the side of the broken tire.     - If one of the rear tires is broken open or exploded, it will make the back side of the car sways or bound all over. + How to be safe when there is a break open tire If there is a break open tire     - Keep your steering wheel straight and hold on tight to it.     - Let go of the clutch to reduce the speed.     - Never slam the brake, but push a little smoothly to park in a safe spot.   I-    When far light or low beam light is out of order When far light or low beam light is out of order, you should: Turn on parking light and emergency signal light. Try to turn on the far light or low beam light a few more times. Move out of the main lance as soon as possible and leave the emergency light on. J-    Broken car If your car goes wrong, move it out of the main lance. If you are not able to move it out, order the passenger to leave the car and:     - Use the emergency signal light and turn on and leave the inside light on at night time.     - Tie a white piece of cloth to the antenna or a wing mirror.     - If there are triangular sign put it behind and in front of your car about 30m.   K-    If you move out of the main lance If your car is out of the main lance and you and moving on near side walk, you should:     - Hold the steering gear firmly and release your foot from the accelerator.     - Step lightly on the brake to slow your car.     - Check the traffic behind you to see if it is vacant, you can return to the main lance. L-    If your car is fallen into water If your car is fallen into water, you should:     - Unlock the seat belt and escape the car from the window of the car’s door.     - If your car equip with auto windows, move them down as quick as possible to avoid electrical fusion.     - Never open the door for the action will create strong current rush into the car which may cause the car to overturn or turn upside down.    3-3 How to Avoid Danger When You Drive 1.    Danger Avoidance while driving     - The most important thing in danger avoidance techniques while driving are Danger avoidance, violate the traffic law, and always be careful with your full guard on the surrounding environment that may lead to unseen accident.     - Avoid violating traffic law and driving mistake which cause by other drivers around you.     - Always ready to adjust your driving to problem that the your car encounter, Type of the road surface, bad weather, traffic congestion, lime light, and your mental as well as physical condition.